Laboratory safety is through the reasonable layout of the building structure, reasonable air distribution in the laboratory and orderly room between pressure gradient, and by setting up reasonable personal protective facilities, safe and reliable experimental equipment installed (fume hood, super clean bench, biological safety cabinet, etc.) and to ensure the reliable control system. In particular, chemical laboratories are prone to toxic and harmful gases threatening laboratory operators and laboratory equipment. Therefore, laboratory waste disposal is very important.
1. Laboratory exhaust gas treatment
There are many kinds of indoor air pollutants in chemical laboratory, the composition is complex, the emission is intermittent, and the main air pollutants include organic gas and inorganic gas. These gases are emitted directly into the atmosphere, which can aggravate the formation of acid rain and constitute a serious social hazard. If inhalation is more likely, it will cause direct injury.
Processing method of waste gas processing method in current of gaseous pollutants can be divided into two categories, wet process and dry process, the specific need according to the characteristics of the chemical laboratory exhaust gas to select high efficiency and low cost method.
2. Laboratory wastewater treatment
The waste water produced in the laboratory includes redundant samples, standard curves and samples to analyze residual fluid, ineffective storage and cleaning fluids, and a large amount of washing water. Almost all of the conventional analysis projects have a different degree of wastewater contamination. In the wastewater composition is everything, including the most common type of organic matter, heavy metal ions and harmful microbes and relatively rare cyanide, such as bacteria and toxins, all kinds of pesticide residues, drug residues, etc.
Waste water containing excessive levels of heavy metals will contaminate large amounts of water once it is cleaned downstream. Since the heavy metal pollution is no different from normal water in color, smell, and so on, it is necessary to make soil and crops become heavy metal objects once water is used for irrigation. People who eat crops grown on soil contaminated with heavy metals are vulnerable to heavy metals.
Wastewater treatment usually has physical, chemical and biological methods. The physical act mainly USES physical action to separate the suspended waste from the wastewater; Chemical reaction is used to treat dissolved substances or colloidal substances in wastewater. The biological method is to remove the colloidal and dissolved organic matter in wastewater. The above three basic treatment methods have their own characteristics and applicable conditions. In wastewater into the ground water to determine the degree of processing, according to the requirements of discharge at the same time should be combined with the water self-purification ability, usually according to harmful substances and the dissolved oxygen index to determine the allowable load of water, namely the allowable concentration discharged into water body.
3. Laboratory solid waste disposal
The solid waste produced in the laboratory includes additional samples, analysis products, consumed or damaged experimental supplies such as glassware, gauze, etc. These solid waste ingredients are complex and cover all kinds of chemical and biological pollutants, especially the chemical reagents that have expired and expired, which can easily lead to serious pollution accidents.
The treatment of laboratory pollutants is to prevent the spread of pollution in the laboratory. The general principle of treatment for pollutants is: classification collection, storage, and centralized processing. As far as possible, waste recovery and curing and incineration can be used to detect and reduce waste and reduce pollution. Waste discharge shall comply with the relevant environmental emission standards
