A.Design
The laboratory is a laboratory of clinical medicine, mainly for the analysis of the blood, saliva, urine samples and other fluids. There are six experimental departments and blood Banks, such as inspection, microbiology, biochemistry, immunization and HIV testing. The main work of the department is to provide an accurate scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis of diseases, the tracking effect and the estimated prognosis of various diseases from biochemistry, cytology, hematology and immunology. The rational use of antibiotics is provided for clinical drug sensitive test and bacterial resistance monitoring.
B.The hospital laboratory design basic requirements
Whether the internal space design is reasonable will directly affect the work flow, internal communication and work efficiency. The design principle is to be able to communicate with each other, merge together, minimize unreasonable human obstacles, and design the laboratory environment into a beautiful, generous, safe, comfortable and efficient place. Design should also give full consideration to water supply and drainage system, power system, lighting and ventilation system of changes in temperature, disinfection the rationality of the control system of network management facilities layout, affect the safety of the laboratory, and even affect the accuracy of test results.
The inspection section is usually set in the outpatient building, and should be in one area; The plane layout of the inspection section should be able to clearly identify the contaminated areas, semi-polluted areas and clean areas, and there should be physical isolation between the regions. The pollution area is mainly composed of inspection laboratory and blood collection chamber. The semi-polluted area is mainly composed of reagent library, water making room and other auxiliary functions. The cleaning area is mainly composed of offices and changing rooms. Clinical laboratory shall ensure that separated flow, logistics, personnel and items should be independent of the entrances and exits, especially pollutants should be special export, and the special dirt elevator need to the hospital sent to the hospital designated depots, centralized medical wastes, the passenger lift shipping of hospital is strictly prohibited.
1. Initial HIV screening laboratory: divided into clean zone, semi-polluted area and polluted area, the area should not be less than 45m squared.
2. Microbiology laboratory: divided into preparation room, buffer room and working area, the area should not be less than 35m squared.
3. PCR laboratory: divided into reagent preparation room, sample preparation room, amplification analysis room, the front end of each laboratory should be set up buffer room, the total area should not be less than 60m squared.
4. biochemical area: when the design should focus on biochemical machine, biochemical machine update quickly, before the design should contact the equipment manufacturer, to determine the location of the equipment, weight, specifications, water, power and other parameters.
5. blood area: design proposal into area alone, in pursuance of the length of the window should not be less than 1.2 m, width of 45-60 centimeters advisable, blood window should refer to the number of days on average outpatient service determine the number, and appropriate to consider the needs of the development of future business.
C. Laboratory decoration and cleanliness requirements of hospital laboratory
1. Ground materials: require seamless anti-skid corrosion resistant ground, common decorative materials are rubber or PVC floor, and the seams of the paste shall be welded with the same colored solder and polished and polished;
2. ceiling, wall material, easy cleaning, disinfection, no dust, no crack, smooth waterproof and washable, commonly used materials for double sandwich choi steel, fire rating not less than flame retardant B1 level;
3.laboratories across the hall: should be able to automatically shut down, should be set up on the door window, taking locks and door closers, door head can be mounted to the lamp working status, indicate the lab if someone at work;
4. The requirement of the laboratory to the window: it is not suitable for the wall to be opened with open window.
5.laboratory of junction between the wall: wall junction with the ground, walls and ceiling of the junction are application arc processing, color steel plate joining together should be handled a sealant, to ensure the tightness of the laboratory;
6. The ceiling height requirement of the laboratory: the ceiling height should be 2.6 m, and the ceiling of the main laboratory should not be opened for inspection.
D. Laboratory ventilation and air conditioning project of hospital laboratory
1. The purification laboratory should avoid the situation of sharing one air-conditioner unit in multiple laboratories. Independent air-conditioning units can effectively avoid cross-contamination and save running costs.
2. air conditioning design parameters should be reference to the technical specification for construction of biosafety laboratories regulations, when the design should also take into account the biological safety cabinet, centrifuges, incubator equipment such as heat and moisture load;
3.air purification system should be set in the coarse / / efficient tertiary air filter, coarse filter should be located in new FengKouChu, effectively filter should be in the air conditioning unit in the positive pressure and high efficiency filter should be set system supply air terminal;
4. The height of the new air inlet should be less than 2.5 m, and the new air port should be protected against pests and rainproof, and the filter screen should be easily removed.
5. exhaust fan, laboratory should be with the supply chain design, exhaust fan should precede blower open, blower after closed, indoor exhaust pipes and exhaust pipes of biological safety cabinets which should be set apart;
6. Indoor air supply outlet and exhaust air outlet should make the space minimum of indoor air flow stagnation.
7. laboratory of not less than 5 pa should be maintained between the regional difference of air pressure, guarantee the airflow from the clean area flow pollution area, avoid backflow pollution, advice where is easy to observe the pressure differential gauge Settings;
8. Air conditioning units and strainers should not use wooden materials. They should use materials with corrosion resistant and non-absorbent materials. Air leakage rate of air conditioning units should be less than 2%.
9. air conditioning mainly adopt fan-coil unit plus fresh air system, winter summer use hospital centralized cooling and heat sources, if the spring and autumn season hospital without cooling and heat sources, no.15 air-cooled module units provide heat and cold source.
E. The water supply and drainage system of the laboratory
1. Pure water system: the laboratory mainly USES pure water equipment to be a biochemical instrument, and the laboratory pure water system should communicate with the laboratory head before the design of pure water with water points and water consumption of each water point.
2. water supply system: laboratory should be set at the exit of hand washing device, the device should be used to wash your hands than manual faucets, biological safety laboratory Suggestions of bringing the match since the hand disinfection inspection device, water supply materials comply with the relevant national requirements.
3. Drainage system: the clean laboratory should not be used for floor drain, and the laboratory drainage should be separated from the living area, so the laboratory should be drained into the hospital sewage treatment station.
F. Laboratory furniture of the laboratory
1. laboratory furniture according to the use of materials can be divided into all steel furniture, wooden furniture, steel-wood furniture all three categories, all-steel furniture is beautiful but the price is high, the whole wood furniture because its disadvantages in bearing, waterproof has few people to choose, and gangmu furniture is moderate, when the design should be combined with the hospital expenses budget choose appropriate furniture.
2. the main materials are epoxy resin plate experiment table, solid core three categories, physical and chemical plate and thought board for clinical laboratory laboratory using high temperature equipment, mesa and generally recommended to use solid chemical thought board table.
3. test bench in front of the production should be combined with the actual situation and the work needs to determine the style and length/width, furniture shortage will affect work, furniture and too many work takes up too much space.
