General organic matter, especially in organic solvent, generally easy to catch fire, steam or other combustible gas, solid powder (such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, benzene, oil vapor, flour) mixed with air in a certain proportion, when sparks (ignition, edm, strike sparks) can cause burn or violent explosion.
(1) combustion is caused by the release of certain chemical reactions, such as sodium metal, potassium, etc., when water burns or even explodes.
(2) some items are flammable (e.g., when the white phosphorus comes into the air, it burns itself), and it burns because of its poor storage and use.
(3) some of the chemical agents are mixed together, which can cause combustion and explosion under certain conditions (such as mixing red phosphorus with potassium chlorate, and phosphorus burning explosion).

In case of fire, the first thing to do is to cut off the heat source, the power source, remove the nearby combustible goods, and take appropriate fire measures against the property of the burner. But don’t run with the burners, because the air is more liquid and it will burn harder. The commonly used fire extinguishing measures include the following types of fire extinguishing measures, which shall be selected according to the severity of the fire, the nature of the burners, the surrounding environment and existing conditions:

a.Asbestos cloth: suitable for small fire. Cover the air with a sheet of asbestos cloth to extinguish the fire. If the fire is small, use a damp rag or asbestos sheet cover.
b.Dry sand: usually in a sandbox or sandbag, as long as it is sprinkled on a burning object, it can be put out. It is suitable for burning without water, but it is very fierce and the area is very large. The sand should be dry.
c.Water: it is a commonly used firefighting substance. It can make the air temperature drops, but generally does not apply to organic matter is on fire, because of solvent and water don’t mix, and lighter than water, the water go after, solvent also float on the surface of the water, spread to continue burning. But if the burner is mutually soluble with water, or when there is no other danger with water, extinguish the fire. When the solvent is on fire, extinguish the fire with a foam fire extinguisher, and the cooling of water is an effective method of fire fighting.
d.Foam extinguisher: is laboratory commonly used fire extinguishing equipment, when using, reversed the fire extinguisher, spray into the fire, because it generates carbon dioxide and bubble, separate the air from the air and fire extinguishing, effect is good, suitable for in addition to the current fire extinguishing.
e.co2 fire extinguisher: in the small cylinder loading liquid carbon dioxide, put out the fire when open the valve, ejecting carbon dioxide to put the bell on the fire extinguishing, laboratory are applicable in the factory, it does not damage the apparatus, leaving no residue, can also be used for electric instrument, but do not use it to put out a fire burning metal magnesium.
f.A carbon tetrachloride fire extinguisher: a lower boiling point of carbon tetrachloride, a heavy, inert vapor that forms around the burning object, which insulates it from the air. It does not conduct electricity, it is suitable to extinguish the fire of charged objects. But it breaks down toxic gases at high temperatures, so it’s best to use them in unventilated places. In addition, there is no use for the presence of sodium, potassium and other metals because of the danger of explosion.
In addition to the above commonly used fire extinguishers, in recent years produced a variety of new and efficient fire extinguishers. For example, 1211 fire extinguisher, it has a kind of agent in the cylinder of a chemical difluorobromobromide, high efficiency. The dry powder fire extinguisher is used to match carbon dioxide with a dry powder, and the fire extinguishing quickly.
g.Water vapor: in places where water vapor is used to spray water vapor, it can also insulate the air from the fire.
h.Graphite powder: when potassium, sodium, or lithium are on fire, no water, foam fire extinguishers, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, etc. can be put out.
i.The key to save when a circuit or electrical appliance catches fire is to cut off the power supply and prevent the situation from expanding. The best fire extinguisher of electric appliance is tetrachloride and carbon dioxide fire extinguisher.

When in the midst of fire and fire fighting, clothes is on fire, don’t run, because it thanks to the rapid flow of air and enhance combustion, should lie on the underground rolling, so on the one hand, can be pressed to extinguish the flame, on the other hand also can avoid the fire to the head.